Keep some knowledge about BRAIN

Brain is an amazing item which controls all the functions in your body.  Intelligence, creativity, memory  handled by the brain. When you are writing answers for an exam paper, the answers are sort out by your brain. Even your hands write because of brain. So it is good to have some knowledge on brain. 

Brain is also a part of central nervous system. 

Brain is composed with 3 parts,

1. cerebrum
2. cerebellum
3. brain stem

Cerebrum is the largest part of brain which consist of two hemispheres left and right. It performs higher functions like interpreting touch,vision and hearing as well as speech, reasoning,emotions,learning and control of movement.

Cerebellum coordinate muscle movement, posture and body balance.

Brainstem acts as a relay center connecting the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord. It performs many automatic functions such as breathing, heart rate, body temperature, wake and sleep cycles, digestion, sneezing, coughing, vomiting, and swallowing.

Left brain and Right brain

Left brain controls the right side of body while Right brain controls the left side of the body. If some stroke happens in left side of the brain, your right leg or hand can be weak or paralyzed. In general, the left hemisphere controls speech, comprehension, arithmetic, and writing. The right hemisphere controls creativity, spatial ability, artistic, and musical skills. 92% people are right-handed and their left brain is dominant.

Lobes in Brain

There 4 lobes in each hemisphere of brain as frontal lobe, Parietal lobe, Occipital lobe and Temporal lobe

Frontal lobe

• Personality,behavior,emotions
• Judgment,planning,problem solving
• Speech(speaking and writing)
• Body Movement
• Intelligence,concentration,self awareness

Parietal Lobe 

• Interprets language,words
• Sense of touch,pain,temperature
• Interprets signals from vision,hearing,sensory and memory
• Spatial and visual perception

Occipital lobe 

• Interprets vision(color,light,movement)

Temporal Lobe

• Understanding language
• Memory
• Hearing
• Sequencing and organization

Memory

This contains 3 phrases as encoding,storing and recalling. Transferring of information from short term memory to long term memory by pay attention and rehearse is called as Encoding. Types of memory are short-term,long-term and skill memory.

• Short-term memory, also called working memory, occurs in the prefrontal cortex. It stores information for about one minute and its capacity is limited to about 7 items. For example, it enables you to dial a phone number someone just told you. It also intervenes during reading, to memorize the sentence you have just read, so that the next one makes sense.
  
  
• Long-term memory is processed in the hippocampus of the temporal lobe and is activated when you want to memorize something for a longer time. This memory has unlimited content and duration capacity. It contains personal memories as well as facts and figures.
  
  
• Skill memory is processed in the cerebellum, which relays information to the basal ganglia. It stores automatic learned memories like tying a shoe, playing an instrument, or riding a bike.

For this blog I think this is enough. If you are too curious to learn about brain you can take the coursera course on Medical NeuroScience-by Duke University. 

Happy to see comments from you about this blog!!!